{"id":52360,"date":"2025-11-29T20:12:56","date_gmt":"2025-11-29T19:12:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cfjustice.org\/la-commission-africaine-interpelle-le-gouvernement-tunisien-sur-lerosion-de-letat-de-droit-lindependance-de-la-justice-et-la-non-execution-de-larret-belguith\/"},"modified":"2025-11-29T20:12:56","modified_gmt":"2025-11-29T19:12:56","slug":"la-commission-africaine-interpelle-le-gouvernement-tunisien-sur-lerosion-de-letat-de-droit-lindependance-de-la-justice-et-la-non-execution-de-larret-belguith","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cfjustice.org\/fr\/la-commission-africaine-interpelle-le-gouvernement-tunisien-sur-lerosion-de-letat-de-droit-lindependance-de-la-justice-et-la-non-execution-de-larret-belguith\/","title":{"rendered":"La Commission Africaine interpelle le gouvernement tunisien sur l\u2019\u00e9rosion de l\u2019\u00c9tat de droit, l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la justice et la non-ex\u00e9cution de l\u2019arr\u00eat Belguith"},"content":{"rendered":"

Banjul, 25\/11\/2025<\/p>\n

Lors de l\u2019examen du rapport combin\u00e9 de la Tunisie (10\u1d49\u201318\u1d49 rapports p\u00e9riodiques), soumis au titre de l\u2019Article 62 de la Charte Africaine, les Commissaires de la Commission Africaine des Droits de l\u2019Homme et des Peuples ont adress\u00e9 au gouvernement tunisien une s\u00e9rie de questions majeures concernant la d\u00e9t\u00e9rioration de l\u2019\u00c9tat de droit, le fonctionnement des institutions d\u00e9mocratiques et le respect des obligations internationales.<\/p>\n

Bien que la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation officielle ait pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 ce rapport comme celui d\u2019une \u201cp\u00e9riode pivot\u201d marqu\u00e9e par des transformations politiques depuis 2011, les Commissaires ont exprim\u00e9 de profondes pr\u00e9occupations quant au d\u00e9calage entre ce narratif institutionnel et la r\u00e9alit\u00e9 constat\u00e9e sur le terrain.<\/p>\n

Par ailleurs, le processus d\u2019examen a \u00e9t\u00e9 nourri par la contribution active de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile tunisienne. Une coalition d\u2019organisations \u2014 coordonn\u00e9e par la Ligue Tunisienne des Droits de l\u2019Homme et le Comit\u00e9 pour la Justice, avec la participation d\u2019Intersection, Beity, le Forum Tunisien pour les Droits \u00c9conomiques et Sociaux, Al Bawsala, Damj, Ifriquiya, l\u2019Organisation Mondiale Contre la Torture et Avocats Sans Fronti\u00e8res \u2014 a soumis un rapport alternatif fond\u00e9 sur une documentation approfondie. Ce rapport a permis d\u2019\u00e9clairer le d\u00e9bat et d\u2019enrichir les questions formul\u00e9es par les Commissaires lors du dialogue.<\/p>\n

Questions soulev\u00e9es par la Commission Africaine<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. L\u2019\u00e9rosion de l\u2019\u00c9tat de droit
    \nLes Commissaires ont relev\u00e9 une contradiction entre la pr\u00e9sentation officielle d\u2019un renforcement institutionnel et les \u00e9volutions observ\u00e9es depuis juillet 2021 : concentration des pouvoirs ex\u00e9cutifs, gouvernance par d\u00e9crets, marginalisation des contre-pouvoirs et absence de m\u00e9canismes de contr\u00f4le ind\u00e9pendants.<\/li>\n
  2. L\u2019absence persistante d\u2019une Cour constitutionnelle
    \nLa Commission a rappel\u00e9 que, malgr\u00e9 les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences historiques contenues dans le rapport \u00e9tatique, la Tunisie demeure, en 2024, d\u00e9pourvue de Cour constitutionnelle op\u00e9rationnelle. Ce vide fragilise la protection des droits fondamentaux et remet en cause l\u2019\u00e9quilibre des pouvoirs.<\/li>\n
  3. Le Conseil des droits de l\u2019Homme et les m\u00e9canismes nationaux
    \nDes clarifications ont \u00e9t\u00e9 demand\u00e9es quant au fonctionnement, \u00e0 l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance et \u00e0 l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 du Conseil des droits de l\u2019Homme en Tunisie, ainsi qu\u2019au r\u00f4le r\u00e9el du m\u00e9canisme national charg\u00e9 du suivi des recommandations internationales.<\/li>\n
  4. L\u2019ind\u00e9pendance de la justice
    \nLes Commissaires ont exprim\u00e9 leurs inqui\u00e9tudes concernant la dissolution du Conseil sup\u00e9rieur de la magistrature en 2022, la mise en place d\u2019un Conseil provisoire sous contr\u00f4le ex\u00e9cutif, ainsi que les nombreux t\u00e9moignages d\u2019ing\u00e9rences dans les affaires judiciaires.<\/li>\n
  5. La situation des d\u00e9fenseurs des droits humains
    \nLa Commission a interrog\u00e9 la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation sur les arrestations, poursuites et campagnes de stigmatisation visant avocats, journalistes, militantes f\u00e9ministes, syndicalistes et membres d\u2019ONG, en contradiction avec les obligations de protection pr\u00e9vues par la Charte.<\/li>\n
  6. Les d\u00e9tenus d\u2019opinion et d\u00e9tenus politiques
    \nLes Commissaires ont demand\u00e9 des explications concernant les d\u00e9tentions prolong\u00e9es, les poursuites abusives fond\u00e9es notamment sur le d\u00e9cret-loi 54, ainsi que les violations du droit \u00e0 un proc\u00e8s \u00e9quitable et de la garantie d\u2019un recours effectif.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    L\u2019arr\u00eat Belguith et la non-ex\u00e9cution des d\u00e9cisions de la Cour Africaine<\/strong><\/h3>\n

    Une attention particuli\u00e8re a \u00e9t\u00e9 consacr\u00e9e \u00e0 l\u2019affaire n\u00b0017\/2021 \u2013 Ibrahim Ben Mohamed Ben Ibrahim Belguith c. R\u00e9publique tunisienne<\/em>. Dans son arr\u00eat du 22 septembre 2022, la Cour Africaine a jug\u00e9 que la Tunisie avait viol\u00e9 la Charte et ordonn\u00e9 :<\/p>\n

      \n
    • l\u2019abrogation des d\u00e9crets pr\u00e9sidentiels n\u00b0117 (septembre 2021) et n\u00b0137 et 138 (octobre 2021),<\/li>\n
    • le r\u00e9tablissement de la d\u00e9mocratie constitutionnelle dans un d\u00e9lai de deux ans,<\/li>\n
    • la mise en place d\u2019une Cour constitutionnelle,<\/li>\n
    • la transmission d\u2019un rapport de suivi tous les six mois jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ex\u00e9cution compl\u00e8te.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Les Commissaires ont demand\u00e9 au gouvernement d\u2019expliquer pourquoi aucune de ces mesures n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 ex\u00e9cut\u00e9e.<\/p>\n

      Une \u00e9valuation rigoureuse au c\u0153ur d\u2019une p\u00e9riode critique<\/h3>\n

      Alors que le rapport \u00e9tatique insiste sur les acquis institutionnels depuis 2011, la Commission africaine a rappel\u00e9 que la situation actuelle soul\u00e8ve des inqui\u00e9tudes graves et urgentes. La Tunisie est appel\u00e9e \u00e0 prendre des mesures concr\u00e8tes pour restaurer un cadre conforme aux normes r\u00e9gionales en mati\u00e8re d\u2019\u00c9tat de droit.<\/p>\n

      Le CFJ appelle le gouvernement \u00e0 r\u00e9pondre pleinement aux questions de la Commission, \u00e0 respecter les d\u00e9cisions de la Cour Africaine, et \u00e0 restaurer un environnement garantissant la protection des droits humains pour toutes et tous.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      Banjul, 25\/11\/2025 Lors de l\u2019examen du rapport combin\u00e9 de la Tunisie (10\u1d49\u201318\u1d49 rapports p\u00e9riodiques), soumis au titre de l\u2019Article 62 de la Charte Africaine, les Commissaires de la Commission Africaine […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":962,"featured_media":52166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_price":"","_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_header":"","_tribe_default_ticket_provider":"","_tribe_ticket_capacity":"0","_ticket_start_date":"","_ticket_end_date":"","_tribe_ticket_show_description":"","_tribe_ticket_show_not_going":false,"_tribe_ticket_use_global_stock":"","_tribe_ticket_global_stock_level":"","_global_stock_mode":"","_global_stock_cap":"","_tribe_rsvp_for_event":"","_tribe_ticket_going_count":"","_tribe_ticket_not_going_count":"","_tribe_tickets_list":"[]","_tribe_ticket_has_attendee_info_fields":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1023,1020],"tags":[],"countries":[1000],"cases":[],"writer":[],"coalitions":[],"class_list":["post-52360","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-au-connect","category-communiques-de-presse","countries-la-tunisie-2","has-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author",""],"yoast_head":"\nLa 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